λͺ¨λ
β’
λͺ¨λ
β’
import
β’
νμ€λͺ¨λ
λͺ¨λ
λ³μλ ν¨μ λλ ν΄λμ€λ‘ λͺ¨μλμ νμ΄μ¬ νμΌ
import
λͺ¨λμ ν¬ν¨νλ ν€μλ
β’
λͺ¨λ ν¬ν¨νκΈ°
β’
λͺ¨λ λ΄λΆμ μΌλΆ(ν¨μ)λ§ ν¬ν¨νκΈ°
λͺ¨λ ν¬ν¨νκΈ°
import λͺ¨λ
import λͺ¨λ as λ³λͺ
λͺ¨λ λ΄λΆμ μΌλΆ(ν¨μ)λ§ ν¬ν¨νκΈ°
from λͺ¨λ import ν¨μ
from λͺ¨λ import ν¨μ1, ν¨μ2
from λͺ¨λ import *
νμ€λͺ¨λ
νμ΄μ¬μ 곡μ λ°°ν¬μ ν¬ν¨λ λͺ¨λκ³Ό ν¨ν€μ§μ λͺ¨μ
λν νμ€ λͺ¨λ
os, sys, datetime, random, json, urllib, math λ±
νμ΄μ¬ νμ€ λΌμ΄λΈλ¬λ¦¬μλ λ€νΈμν¬ ν΅μ , λ°μ΄ν° μμΆ, λ°μ΄ν°λ² μ΄μ€ κ΄λ¦¬, νμΌ μ²λ¦¬, λ μ§ λ° μκ° μ²λ¦¬, μν ν¨μ λ± λ€μν κΈ°λ₯μ΄ ν¬ν¨λμ΄ μμ΅λλ€. μ΄λ¬ν λͺ¨λλ€μ νμ΄μ¬ κ°λ°μ ν¨μ¬ λ ν¨μ¨μ μ΄κ³ κ°λ ₯νκ² λ§λ€μ΄ μ€λλ€.
λͺ¨λ | μ€λͺ
|
math | μν μ°μ°κ³Ό κ΄λ ¨λ ν¨μλ₯Ό μ 곡νλ λͺ¨λ |
random | λμ(λλ€ μ)λ₯Ό μμ±νλ λͺ¨λ |
time | μκ° μ²λ¦¬μ κ΄λ ¨λ ν¨μλ₯Ό μ 곡νλ λͺ¨λ |
datetime | λ μ§/μκ° λ°μ΄ν°λ₯Ό μ²λ¦¬νλ λͺ¨λ |
μ§μ λ§λ λͺ¨λ μ¬μ©νκΈ°
converter.py
MILES = 0.6213
POUND = 0.0022
# ν¬λ‘λ―Έν°λ₯Ό λ§μΌλ‘ λ³ννλ ν¨μ
def kilometer_to_miles( kilometer ):
return kilometer * MILES
# κ·Έλ¨μ νμ΄λλ‘ λ³ννλ ν¨μ
def gram_to_pound( gram ):
return gram * POUND
Python
볡μ¬
main.py
β’
import converter λ‘ ν¬ν¨ν λ
# converter λͺ¨λ
# : κ·κ²©μ΄λ λ¨μλ₯Ό λ³ννλ ν¨μλ₯Ό μ 곡νλ λͺ¨λ
import converter
# from converter import *
# 150km --> miles λ‘ λ³ν
miles = converter.kilometer_to_miles(150)
print( '150km = {} miles'.format(miles) )
# 1000g --> pound λ‘ λ³ν
pound = converter.gram_to_pound(1000)
print('1000g = {} pound'.format(pound) )
Python
볡μ¬
import converter as c
μμ κ°μ΄ ν¬ν¨νλ©΄, μλ μ²λΌ λ¨μΆν΄μ μΈ μμλ€.
converter.kilometer_to_miles(150) β‘ c.kilometer_to_miles(150)
Python
볡μ¬
β’
from converter import * λ‘ ν¬ν¨ν λ
# converter λͺ¨λ
# : κ·κ²©μ΄λ λ¨μλ₯Ό λ³ννλ ν¨μλ₯Ό μ 곡νλ λͺ¨λ
# import converter
from converter import *
# 150km --> miles λ‘ λ³ν
miles = kilometer_to_miles(150)
print( '150km = {} miles'.format(miles) )
# 1000g --> pound λ‘ λ³ν
pound = gram_to_pound(1000)
print('1000g = {} pound'.format(pound) )
Python
볡μ¬
λͺ¨λ import λ°©λ²
β’
import λͺ¨λ
β’
import λͺ¨λ as λ³μΉ
β’
from λͺ¨λ import ν¨μ
β’
from λͺ¨λ import *
# λͺ¨λμ import νλ λ°©λ²
# import λͺ¨λ
# import converter
# import λͺ¨λ as λ³μΉ
import converter as cvt
# νμΌμ΄λ¦(λͺ¨λ).ν¨μ()
# m1 = converter.kilometer_to_miles(100)
# print(m1)
# λ³μΉ.ν¨μ()
m2 = cvt.kilometer_to_miles(100)
print(m2)
# νμΌ(λͺ¨λ) λ΄λΆμ ν¨μλ₯Ό ν¬ν¨
from converter import kilometer_to_miles
from converter import gram_to_pound
from converter import kilometer_to_miles, gram_to_pound
# converter λͺ¨λ μμ λͺ¨λ ν¨μλ₯Ό ν¬ν¨
# * : λͺ¨λ νλͺ©
from converter import *
Python
볡μ¬
νμ€ λͺ¨λ μ€μ΅
λͺ¨λ | μ€λͺ
|
math | μν μ°μ°κ³Ό κ΄λ ¨λ ν¨μλ₯Ό μ 곡νλ λͺ¨λ |
random | λμ(λλ€ μ)λ₯Ό μμ±νλ λͺ¨λ |
time | μκ° μ²λ¦¬μ κ΄λ ¨λ ν¨μλ₯Ό μ 곡νλ λͺ¨λ |
datetime | λ μ§/μκ° λ°μ΄ν°λ₯Ό μ²λ¦¬νλ λͺ¨λ |
math
import math
# μμ£Όμ¨
print('math.pi {}'.format( math.pi ))
# ceil() μ¬λ¦Ό
print('math.ceil(1.1) : {}'.format( math.ceil(1.1) ))
# floor() λ΄λ¦Ό
print('math.floor(1.9) : {}'.format( math.floor(1.9) ))
# round() λ°μ¬λ¦Ό - Math λͺ¨λ μΈ κΈ°λ³Έ λ΄μ₯ν¨μ
print('round(2.5, 1) : {}'.format( round(2.5, 1) ))
print('round(2.4, 1) : {}'.format( round(2.4, 1) ))
# νμ΄μ¬μμ round() ν¨μ νΉμ§
# x.5
# μλ κ°κ³Ό μ¬λ¦Όν κ°μ μ°¨μ΄ = μλ κ°κ³Ό λ΄λ¦Όν κ°μ μ°¨μ΄κ° κ°μ κ²½μ°
# μ§μκ° λλ ν¬κΈ°λ‘ μ¬λ¦Ό λλ λ΄λ¦Όνλ€.
print( round(0.5) ) # 1
print( round(1.5) ) # 2
print( round(2.5) ) # 3
print( round(3.5) ) # 4
print( round(4.5) ) # 5
print( round(5.5) ) # 6
print('----------------------')
print( round(0.6) ) # 1
print( round(1.6) ) # 2
print( round(2.6) ) # 3
print( round(3.6) ) # 4
print( round(4.6) ) # 5
print( round(5.6) ) # 6
# trunc() μ μ¬ (νΉμ μ리μ μ΄νλ₯Ό μμ°)
print('trunc(1.9) : {}'.format( math.trunc(1.9) ))
# sqrt() μ κ³±κ·Ό
print('sqrt(9) : {}'.format( math.sqrt(9) ))
# pow() μ κ³°
print('pow(9) : {}'.format( math.pow(3, 2) ))
Python
볡μ¬
random
# random
import random
# random() : 0.0xxx ~ 0.9xxx μμμ μ€μ
print('random.random : {}'.format( random.random() ))
# randint(a, b) : aμ΄μ bμ΄νμ μμμ μ μ
print('random.randint : {}'.format( random.randint(1, 10) ))
# randrange(a, b, c) : aμ΄μ bλ―Έλ§ cλ§νΌ μ¦κ°νλ μμμ μ μ
print('random.randrange : {}'.format( random.randrange(1, 10, 2) )) # 1 3 5 7 9
# choice(A) : μνμ€ μλ£νμ μν μμ μ€ μμμ μμλ₯Ό λ°ννλ ν¨μ
seasons = ['λ΄', 'μ¬λ¦', 'κ°μ', '겨μΈ']
print('λ΄κ° μ’μνλ κ³μ μ {} μ
λλ.'.format( random.choice(seasons) ))
# sample(A, N) : μνμ€ μλ£νμ μν μμ μ€ μ§μ ν κ°μμ μμλ₯Ό μμλ‘ λ°ννλ ν¨μ
# A μ€μ Nκ°μ μμμ μμ
lotto = range(1, 46) # 1~45 μ μ μμ±
print('μ΄λ² μ£Ό λΉμ²¨ λ²νΈλ {}'.format( random.sample( lotto, 6 ) ))
# shuffle(A) : μνμ€ μλ£νμ μν μμλ€μ μμλ₯Ό μμλ‘ μλ ν¨μ
# A μ μμλ€μ μμλ₯Ό μλλ€.
li = [1,2,3,4,5,6]
random.shuffle(li)
print('random.shuffle(li) : {} '.format( li ))
Python
볡μ¬
time
import time
# time() : 1970λ
1μ 1μΌ 0μ 0λΆ 0μ΄ λΆν° κ²½κ³Όν μκ°μ λ°ν
print('time() : {} '.format(time.time() ) )
# ctime(μκ°) : λ μ§/μκ° νμμΌλ‘ λ³ννλ ν¨μ
t = time.time()
print('ctime() : {}'.format( time.ctime(t) ))
'''
λ μ§ νμ μ§μμ
%y : 2μ리 λ
λ (23)
%Y : 4μ리 λ
λ (2023)
%m : 2μ리 μ(01~12)
%b : 3μ리 μλ¬Έ μ(Jan~Dec)
%B : μ 체 μλ¬Έ μ(January~December)
%d : 2μ리 μΌ(01~31)
%a : 3μ리 μμΌ(Sun~Sat)
%A : μ 체 μλ¬Έ μμΌ(Sunday~Saturday)
%I : 12μ μκ°(01~12)
%H : 24μ μκ°(00~23)
%M : λΆ(00~59)
%S : μ΄(00~59)
'''
s = time.strftime('%Y/%m/%d (%a) %H:%M:%S')
print('strtime() : {} '.format(s))
# μ§μ ν μκ°(μ΄)λ§νΌ μμ€ν
μ μΌμμ€μ
time.sleep(5) # 5μ΄κ° μ€μ§
Python
볡μ¬
datetime
import datetime
# [λͺ¨λ].[κ°μ²΄].ν¨μ()
nowtime = datetime.datetime.now()
print('νμ¬ λ μ§μ μκ° : {}'.format(nowtime))
today = datetime.date(2023, 1, 19)
print('νμ¬ λ μ§μ μκ° : {}'.format(today))
lastDay = datetime.date(2023, 6, 29)
print('μ’
κ°μΌ : {}'.format(lastDay))
t1 = datetime.time(11,15,0)
print('νμ¬μκ° : {}'.format(t1))
t2 = datetime.time(15,30,0)
print('μμ
μ’
λ£ : {}'.format(t2))
today = datetime.datetime.now()
print( datetime.datetime.today().strftime('%Y-%m-%d') )
print('{} λ
'.format( today.year) )
print('{} μ'.format( today.month ) )
print( '%02d' % today.month ) # leading zero
print('{} μΌ'.format( today.day) )
print('{} μ'.format( today.hour) )
print('{} λΆ'.format( today.minute) )
print('{} μ΄'.format( today.second) )
Python
볡μ¬